What is the difference between the sender clock and the receiver clock

Next Previous. Related Questions. How many extra bits per second does the sender send if the data rate is 1 Mbps? Draw the graph of the NRZ-L scheme using each of the following data Delta modulation quantizes the difference between the present and the previous sample value with just two-levels and encodes it by using just a single bit.

Illustrate the simple algorithm to implement delta A signal with milliwatts power passes through 10 devices, each with an average noise of 2 microwatts. What is the SNR? What is the SNRdB? How many Create an Account and Get the Solution. Log into your existing Transtutors account. Electrical Engineering Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for electronics and electrical engineering professionals, students, and enthusiasts.

It only takes a minute to sign up. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. If the receiver clock is faster or slower, the bit intervals are not matched and the receiver might misinterpret the signals.

Below shows a situation in which the receiver has a shorter bit duration. The sender sends , while the receiver receives Why can't we tell each bit by the length it denote? Let's say e. To follow along with your length analogy, suppose your ruler is slightly shorter on the receiver than it is on the sender.

In electronics, often the clock is generated from vibrations of a small tuned crystal. Like everything else in this world, that crystal has manufacturing variations which will effect the frequency at which it oscillates, and consequently your measurement of time will change from one device to another.

You can reduce these variations by using a more accurate time measuring system, but this can get expensive quickly; you wouldn't want to put an atomic clock into every device just so you can essentially eliminate variations in time measurement!

The other way to solve this problem is to design your signalling protocol in such a way that it accounts for these variations. One such protocol is to simply have the sender also send you their clock signal so you can both use the same measurement system. By default, no two remote clocks are synchronized. But they can be. Typically in a single-wire serial transmission as you have drawn here, the the falling edge denotes the beginning of the transmission.

This is called a "start bit". The baud rate is generally set offline, although multi-wire protocols can infer a transmission rate. The first edge synchronizes a PLL phase locked loop which has a certain tolerance for jitter when generates the subsequent clock edges from the oscillator oscillators are characterize error in parts per million ppm or parts per billion, which is tolerance. There can still be error, which is why single-wire asynchronous serial transmission often includes a parity bit in order to verify all 8 or 7 or 9 bits were sent correctly, to an extent parity can't do everything.

I'm not sure what you mean by "unique to anyone", but no two clocks match exactly, and the more you want them to match up, the more time, effort, money, and space it's going to cost -- on both ends of the link.

You could, but that process would be noisy, because you'd only be "remembering" the time for one bit interval. There would also be difficulties in correctly interpreting long strings of ones or zeros. Clock synchronization schemes work on the idea that while the receiver clock may not match the transmitter clock, once synchronization is achieved that synchronization will hold over many bits. In a digital transmission, the sender clock is 0.

How many extra bits per second does the sender send if the data rate is 1 Mbps? Jan 04 PM. Santosh P answered on January 06, Ans-Please see the attached file for answer ,if Do you need an answer to a question different from the above? We want to correct this solution. Tell us more. Was the final answer of the question wrong?

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